A water quality analyzer is a scientific instrument used to detect and assess the quality of water bodies. It can measure a variety of physical, chemical, and biological indicators in water, thereby determining the pollution level, suitability (such as for drinking water, industrial water, agricultural irrigation water, etc.), and ecological health status of the water bodies. Water quality analyzers are typically capable of simultaneously or sequentially measuring multiple water quality parameters, including pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, turbidity, temperature, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, phosphate, heavy metal ions (such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and so on.